diff --git a/frontend/components.d.ts b/frontend/components.d.ts
index 96e0dac..bda4497 100644
--- a/frontend/components.d.ts
+++ b/frontend/components.d.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ declare module 'vue' {
     PromptSearchHighlight: typeof import('./src/components/PromptSearchHighlight.vue')['default']
     RouterLink: typeof import('vue-router')['RouterLink']
     RouterView: typeof import('vue-router')['RouterView']
+    TAlert: typeof import('tdesign-vue-next')['Alert']
     TButton: typeof import('tdesign-vue-next')['Button']
     TCard: typeof import('tdesign-vue-next')['Card']
     TCheckbox: typeof import('tdesign-vue-next')['Checkbox']
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/DocDetail.vue b/frontend/src/views/DocDetail.vue
index 67a46e1..d3be730 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/DocDetail.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/DocDetail.vue
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@
           <span class="info-label">标签</span>
           <t-tag v-for="t in getTags()" :key="t" size="small" variant="light" theme="primary" style="margin-right:4px;">{{ t }}</t-tag>
         </div>
-        <div v-if="doc.errorMessage" class="info-error">
-          <span class="info-label">错误信息</span><span class="error-text">{{ doc.errorMessage }}</span>
-        </div>
+        <t-alert v-if="doc.errorMessage" theme="error" title="错误信息" :message="doc.errorMessage" style="margin-top:8px;" />
       </t-tab-panel>
 
       <t-tab-panel value="content" label="📄 原文内容">
@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@
       </t-tab-panel>
 
       <t-tab-panel value="chunks" label="🧩 分块列表">
-        <div v-if="chunksError" class="error-msg">{{ chunksError }}</div>
+        <t-alert v-if="chunksError" theme="error" :message="chunksError" style="margin:8px 0;" />
         <div v-else-if="chunks.length" class="chunks-wrapper">
           <div class="chunks-summary">共 {{ chunks.length }} 个分块</div>
           <div v-for="(chunk, idx) in chunks" :key="idx" class="chunk-card">
@@ -104,8 +102,6 @@ function getTags(): string[] {
 .info-label { width: 70px; flex: none; font-size: 13px; color: var(--color-text-tertiary); }
 .info-val { font-size: 13px; color: var(--color-text-primary); word-break: break-all; }
 .info-tags { margin-top: 12px; display: flex; align-items: center; }
-.info-error { margin-top: 8px; display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: 8px; }
-.error-text { color: var(--color-error); font-size: 12px; }
 
 /* 原文 */
 .raw-content { background: var(--color-bg-subtle); border: 1px solid var(--color-border); border-radius: 8px; overflow: hidden; }
@@ -125,6 +121,5 @@ function getTags(): string[] {
 .chunk-footer { margin-top: 8px; padding-top: 6px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--color-border); display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; }
 .chunk-len { font-size: 11px; color: var(--color-text-disabled); }
 
-.error-msg { color: var(--color-error); padding: 8px 0; }
 .empty-detail { color: var(--color-text-tertiary); padding: 40px; text-align: center; }
 </style>
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/DocList.vue b/frontend/src/views/DocList.vue
index ea35a2b..0a2377d 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/DocList.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/DocList.vue
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
           <t-button variant="text" size="small" @click="loadTreeData">刷新</t-button>
         </div>
         <div class="tree-panel-body">
-          <div v-if="folderTreeLoading" class="tree-loading">加载中...</div>
+          <t-loading v-if="folderTreeLoading" text="加载中..." size="small" />
           <t-tree v-else
             :data="treeData"
             :keys="{ value: 'value', label: 'label', children: 'children' }"
@@ -680,7 +680,6 @@ loadData()
 
 .tree-panel-header { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }
 .tree-panel-title { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; }
-.tree-loading { padding: 16px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--td-text-color-placeholder); }
 
 /* 树节点 hover 操作按钮 */
 .tree-node { display: flex; align-items: center; width: 100%; min-width: 0; }
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/LoginPage.vue b/frontend/src/views/LoginPage.vue
index d6616cb..a7fbf47 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/LoginPage.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/LoginPage.vue
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
           <t-button type="submit" theme="primary" block size="large" :loading="loading">登 录</t-button>
         </t-form-item>
       </t-form>
-      <p class="login-error" v-if="errorMsg">{{ errorMsg }}</p>
+      <t-alert v-if="errorMsg" theme="error" :message="errorMsg" style="margin-top:12px;" />
     </div>
     <p class="login-footer">Powered by Spring AI + TDesign</p>
   </div>
@@ -74,6 +74,5 @@ async function handleLogin() {
 }
 .login-card h2 { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 6px; color: var(--color-text-primary); }
 .login-subtitle { text-align: center; color: var(--color-text-tertiary); font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 32px; }
-.login-error { color: var(--color-error); font-size: 13px; text-align: center; margin-top: 8px; }
 .login-footer { color: rgba(255,255,255,.6); font-size: 12px; margin-top: 24px; }
 </style>
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/McpServerManager.vue b/frontend/src/views/McpServerManager.vue
index de6995d..c934fb4 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/McpServerManager.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/McpServerManager.vue
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <p class="desc-text">管理 MCP (Model Context Protocol) 服务端配置，支持 SSE 和 Stdio 两种传输方式</p>
     <div class="toolbar">
       <t-button theme="primary" size="small" @click="openAddModal">新建配置</t-button>
-      <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="refreshConnections" :disabled="refreshLoading">{{ refreshLoading?'刷新中...':'刷新连接' }}</t-button>
+      <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="refreshConnections" :loading="refreshLoading">刷新连接</t-button>
       <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="load(currentPage)">刷新列表</t-button>
       <div style="flex:1;" />
       <span class="total-hint">共 {{ total }} 条配置</span>
@@ -16,19 +16,13 @@
       <template #is_active="{ row }"><t-switch v-model="row._active" size="small" :disabled="!!row._toggling" @change="toggleActive(row)" /></template>
       <template #op="{ row }">
         <t-space :size="4">
-          <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="testConnection(row)" :disabled="testLoading[row.id]">{{ testLoading[row.id]?'测试中...':'测试' }}</t-button>
+          <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="testConnection(row)" :loading="testLoading[row.id]">测试</t-button>
           <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="openEditModal(row)">编辑</t-button>
           <t-button size="small" variant="text" theme="danger" @click="remove(row.id,row.name)">删除</t-button>
         </t-space>
       </template>
     </BaseTable>
 
-    <!-- 测试结果 -->
-    <div v-if="testResult.visible" class="test-toast" :style="{background:testResult.success?'var(--color-success-text)':'var(--color-error-text)'}">
-      <strong>{{ testResult.success?'连接成功':'连接失败' }}</strong>
-      <span v-if="testResult.message" class="test-msg">{{ testResult.message }}</span>
-    </div>
-
     <!-- 编辑弹窗 -->
     <t-dialog v-model:visible="showModal" :header="modalMode==='add'?'新建 MCP 服务配置':'编辑 MCP 服务配置'" width="600px" :footer="false">
       <t-form label-align="top">
@@ -60,7 +54,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
+import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'
 import * as api from '@/api/mcp-server'
 import { toast } from '@/utils/toast'
 import { formatDate } from '@/utils/format'
@@ -71,14 +65,13 @@ const { confirm } = useConfirm()
 const servers = ref<any[]>([]); const currentPage=ref(1); const pageSize=ref(10); const total=ref(0); const loading=ref(false)
 const showModal=ref(false); const modalMode=ref('add'); const editId=ref<any>(null); const saving=ref(false)
 const form=ref({name:'',transportType:'sse',url:'',command:'',argsText:'',envText:'',headersText:'',description:''})
-const testLoading=ref<Record<string,boolean>>({}); const testResult=ref({visible:false,success:false,message:'' as any}); let testTimer:any=null
+const testLoading=ref<Record<string,boolean>>({})
 const refreshLoading=ref(false)
 
 const columns=[{colKey:'name',title:'名称',width:130,sorter:true},{colKey:'transport_type',title:'传输类型',width:90,sorter:true},{colKey:'displayUrl',title:'URL/命令',width:200,ellipsis:true},{colKey:'is_active',title:'状态',width:70,sorter:true},{colKey:'description',title:'描述',width:140,ellipsis:true,sorter:true},{colKey:'create_time',title:'创建时间',width:160,sorter:true,cell:(_:any,{row}:any)=>formatDate(row.create_time)},{colKey:'op',title:'操作',width:170,}]
 const sortInfo = ref<{ sortBy: string; descending: boolean } | null>(null)
 
 onMounted(()=>load())
-onUnmounted(()=>{if(testTimer)clearTimeout(testTimer)})
 
 async function load(p=1){currentPage.value=p;loading.value=true
   try{const r=await api.listMcpServers(p,pageSize.value,sortInfo.value?.sortBy||undefined,sortInfo.value?(sortInfo.value.descending?'desc':'asc'):undefined);if(r.success){servers.value=(r.data||[]).map((s:any)=>({...s,_active:s.is_active}));total.value=r.total||0}else toast(r.message||'查询失败','error')}catch(e:any){toast('加载失败：'+e.message,'error')}finally{loading.value=false}}
@@ -117,7 +110,7 @@ async function toggleActive(s:any){
 async function testConnection(s:any){testLoading.value={...testLoading.value,[s.id]:true}
   try{const r=await api.testMcpServer(s.id);showResult(r)}catch(e:any){showResult({success:false,message:e.message})}finally{testLoading.value={...testLoading.value,[s.id]:false}}}
 
-function showResult(r:any){if(testTimer)clearTimeout(testTimer);testResult.value={visible:true,success:r.success,message:r.message||''};testTimer=setTimeout(()=>{testResult.value.visible=false},5000)}
+function showResult(r:any){if(r.success){toast('连接成功'+(r.message?'：'+r.message:''),'success')}else{toast('连接失败：'+(r.message||'未知错误'),'error')}}
 
 async function refreshConnections(){refreshLoading.value=true
   try{const r=await api.refreshMcpServers();if(r.success){toast('连接已刷新','success');load(currentPage.value)}else toast(r.message||'刷新失败','error')}catch(e:any){toast('刷新失败：'+e.message,'error')}finally{refreshLoading.value=false}}
@@ -125,4 +118,4 @@ async function refreshConnections(){refreshLoading.value=true
 function getDisplayUrl(s:any){if(s.transport_type==='sse')return s.server_url||'-';let d=s.command||'';if(s.args)d+=' '+(Array.isArray(s.args)?s.args.join(' '):s.args);return d||'-'}
 </script>
 <style scoped>
-.ellipsis{max-width:220px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;display:block;}.test-toast{position:fixed;bottom:20px;right:20px;padding:12px 20px;border-radius:8px;z-index:9999;color:var(--td-text-color-anti);max-width:400px;box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.15);}.test-msg{font-size:12px;margin-top:4px;opacity:.9;display:block;}</style>
+.ellipsis{max-width:220px;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;display:block;}</style>
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/ModelConfigManager.vue b/frontend/src/views/ModelConfigManager.vue
index c744835..b4f98d6 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/ModelConfigManager.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/ModelConfigManager.vue
@@ -35,13 +35,12 @@
     <div v-if="fallbackChains.length > 0" class="fallback-section">
       <div style="display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-bottom:8px;">
         <span style="font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--color-info-text-strong);">🔗 Fallback 链（按优先级排列）</span>
-        <t-tag size="small" variant="light" theme="primary" style="cursor:pointer;" @click="showFallbackHelp = !showFallbackHelp">❓ 帮助</t-tag>
-      </div>
-      <div v-if="showFallbackHelp" class="fallback-help">
-        <div style="font-weight:600;color:var(--color-info-text-strong);margin-bottom:8px;">📖 Fallback 链使用说明</div>
-        <p>Fallback 链是<span style="color:var(--color-success-text-strong);font-weight:600;">高可用性机制</span>，主模型故障时自动切换到备用模型。</p>
-        <p>✔ 勾选「设为活跃配置」启用 | 📊 调整「优先级」数值（越大越优先）| 🔀 拖拽列表项快速调整</p>
+        <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="showFallbackHelp = !showFallbackHelp">❓ 帮助</t-button>
       </div>
+      <t-alert v-if="showFallbackHelp" theme="info" title="📖 Fallback 链使用说明" style="margin:0 0 8px;">
+        <p style="margin:4px 0;">Fallback 链是<span style="color:var(--color-success-text-strong);font-weight:600;">高可用性机制</span>，主模型故障时自动切换到备用模型。</p>
+        <p style="margin:4px 0;">✔ 勾选「设为活跃配置」启用 | 📊 调整「优先级」数值（越大越优先）| 🔀 拖拽列表项快速调整</p>
+      </t-alert>
       <div v-for="chain in fallbackChains" :key="chain.appType" style="margin-bottom:8px;">
         <div style="font-size:12px;color:var(--color-info-text-strong);font-weight:600;">{{ getAppTypeLabel(chain.appType) }}</div>
         <div v-for="(item, idx) in chain.configs" :key="item.id"
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@
         <template #op="{ row }">
           <t-space :size="4">
             <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="openEditModal(row)" title="编辑">✏️</t-button>
-            <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="testConnection(row)" :disabled="testLoading[row.id]" title="测试连接">{{ testLoading[row.id] ? '⏳' : '🔌' }}</t-button>
+            <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="testConnection(row)" :loading="testLoading[row.id]" title="测试连接">测试</t-button>
             <t-button size="small" variant="text" @click="duplicateConfig(row)" title="复制">📋</t-button>
             <t-button v-show="!row.is_active" size="small" variant="text" theme="primary" @click="activate(row.id)" title="激活">▶️</t-button>
             <t-button v-show="row.is_active" size="small" variant="text" @click="deactivateConfig(row.id)" title="停用">⏸️</t-button>
@@ -105,15 +104,6 @@
         </template>
       </BaseTable>
 
-    <!-- F1: 测试结果提示 -->
-    <div v-if="testResult.visible" class="test-result-toast"
-      :style="{ position: 'fixed', bottom: '20px', right: '20px', padding: '12px 20px', borderRadius: '8px', zIndex: 9999, color: 'white', maxWidth: '400px', boxShadow: '0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15)',
-        background: testResult.success ? 'var(--color-success-text)' : 'var(--color-error-text)' }">
-      <div style="font-weight:600;">{{ testResult.success ? '✅ 连接成功' : '❌ 连接失败' }}</div>
-      <div style="font-size:12px;margin-top:4px;">延迟：{{ testResult.latencyMs }}ms<span v-if="testResult.dimensions"> · 维度：{{ testResult.dimensions }}</span></div>
-      <div v-if="testResult.errorMessage" style="font-size:11px;margin-top:4px;opacity:0.9;">{{ testResult.errorMessage }}</div>
-    </div>
-
     <!-- ==================== 编辑/新建弹窗 ==================== -->
     <t-dialog
       v-model:visible="editModal.visible"
@@ -168,9 +158,9 @@
                   @click="editModal.form.model_name = ''; modelDropdownOpen = false; updateNameSuggestion()" style="color:var(--color-text-tertiary);">✕</t-button>
               </template>
             </t-input>
-            <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="fetchModelsFromApi" :disabled="fetchLoading"
+            <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="fetchModelsFromApi" :loading="fetchLoading"
               style="border-color:var(--td-brand-color);color:var(--td-brand-color);white-space:nowrap;">
-              {{ fetchLoading ? '⏳ 获取中...' : '🔍 获取模型' }}
+              获取模型
             </t-button>
           </t-space>
           <!-- 自定义下拉列表 -->
@@ -264,8 +254,8 @@
       <div class="dialog-footer" style="gap:10px;margin-top:20px;">
         <t-button variant="outline" @click="editModal.visible = false">取消</t-button>
         <t-button v-if="editModal.mode === 'edit'" variant="outline" @click="testConnectionById(editModal.editId!)"
-          :disabled="testLoading[editModal.editId!]" style="border-color:var(--td-brand-color);color:var(--td-brand-color);">
-          {{ testLoading[editModal.editId!] ? '⏳ 测试中...' : '🔌 测试连接' }}
+          :loading="testLoading[editModal.editId!]" style="border-color:var(--td-brand-color);color:var(--td-brand-color);">
+          测试连接
         </t-button>
         <t-button theme="primary" @click="saveConfig">💾 保存</t-button>
       </div>
@@ -298,8 +288,7 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, reactive, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
-import { MessagePlugin } from 'tdesign-vue-next'
+import { ref, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted } from 'vue'
 import * as api from '@/api/model-config'
 import { toast } from '@/utils/toast'
 import { useConfirm } from '@/composables/useConfirm'
@@ -396,8 +385,6 @@ let healthTimer: any = null
 
 // 测试
 const testLoading = ref<Record<string, boolean>>({})
-const testResult = reactive({ visible: false, success: false, latencyMs: 0, dimensions: null as any, errorMessage: null as any })
-let testResultTimer: any = null
 
 // Fallback 链
 const fallbackChains = ref<any[]>([])
@@ -645,9 +632,14 @@ async function testConnectionById(id: string) {
 }
 
 function showTestResult(r: any) {
-  if (testResultTimer) clearTimeout(testResultTimer)
-  testResult.visible = true; testResult.success = r.success; testResult.latencyMs = r.latencyMs || 0; testResult.dimensions = r.dimensions || null; testResult.errorMessage = r.errorMessage || r.message || null
-  testResultTimer = setTimeout(() => { testResult.visible = false }, 5000)
+  if (r.success) {
+    let msg = '连接成功'
+    if (r.latencyMs) msg += '（延迟 ' + r.latencyMs + 'ms' + (r.dimensions ? ' · 维度 ' + r.dimensions : '') + '）'
+    toast(msg, 'success')
+  } else {
+    const reason = r.errorMessage || r.message
+    toast('连接失败' + (reason ? '：' + reason : ''), 'error')
+  }
 }
 
 // ==================== 复制/激活/停用/删除 ====================
@@ -709,11 +701,9 @@ function getProviderBaseUrl(p: string) { return PROVIDER_BASE_URLS[p] || '' }
 
 // ==================== 生命周期 ====================
 onMounted(() => { load(); healthTimer = setInterval(loadHealthStatus, 30000); document.addEventListener('click', onDocumentClick, true) })
-onUnmounted(() => { clearInterval(healthTimer); clearTimeout(testResultTimer); document.removeEventListener('click', onDocumentClick, true) })
+onUnmounted(() => { clearInterval(healthTimer); document.removeEventListener('click', onDocumentClick, true) })
 </script>
 
 <style scoped>
 .fallback-section { margin:12px 0; padding:12px; background:var(--color-info-bg); border:1px solid var(--color-info-border); border-radius:8px; }
-.fallback-help { margin-bottom:12px; padding:12px; background:white; border:1px solid var(--color-info-border); border-radius:6px; font-size:12px; line-height:1.6; color:var(--color-text-primary); }
-.fallback-help p { margin:4px 0; }
 </style>
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/PipelineFlow.vue b/frontend/src/views/PipelineFlow.vue
index c9a28e0..15eace8 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/PipelineFlow.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/PipelineFlow.vue
@@ -26,13 +26,11 @@
 
     <!-- 流程图 -->
     <div style="margin-top:16px;">
-      <div v-if="error" class="pipeline-error">
-        <p>⚠️ 图表渲染失败: {{ error }}</p>
-        <t-button variant="outline" size="small" @click="retry">重试</t-button>
-      </div>
-      <div v-else-if="!svg" class="pipeline-loading">
-        <p>⏳ 正在生成流程图...</p>
-      </div>
+      <t-alert v-if="error" theme="error">
+        <template #default>图表渲染失败：{{ error }}</template>
+        <template #operation><t-button variant="text" size="small" @click="retry">重试</t-button></template>
+      </t-alert>
+      <t-loading v-else-if="!svg" text="正在生成流程图..." style="text-align:center;padding:40px 0;" />
       <div v-else class="pipeline-diagram" v-html="svg" />
     </div>
   </t-card>
@@ -40,7 +38,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { ref, onMounted, nextTick } from 'vue'
-import { MessagePlugin } from 'tdesign-vue-next'
+import { toast } from '@/utils/toast'
 import { DownloadIcon } from 'tdesign-icons-vue-next'
 import mermaid from 'mermaid'
 import { palette, paletteBg, paletteBorder } from '@/utils/palette'
@@ -181,7 +179,7 @@ function retry() {
 async function exportImage() {
   const svgEl = document.querySelector('.pipeline-diagram svg') as SVGSVGElement | null
   if (!svgEl) {
-    MessagePlugin.warning('流程图尚未渲染完成，请稍后再试')
+    toast('流程图尚未渲染完成，请稍后再试', 'warning')
     return
   }
 
@@ -231,7 +229,7 @@ async function exportImage() {
       link.download = `ai-执行链-${timestamp}.svg`
       link.click()
       URL.revokeObjectURL(svgUrl)
-      MessagePlugin.warning('PNG 导出受限，已降级为 SVG 矢量图下载')
+      toast('PNG 导出受限，已降级为 SVG 矢量图下载', 'warning')
     }
 
     const svgBlob = new Blob([svgString], { type: 'image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8' })
@@ -248,7 +246,7 @@ async function exportImage() {
         const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
         if (!ctx) {
           URL.revokeObjectURL(url)
-          MessagePlugin.error('Canvas 上下文创建失败')
+          toast('Canvas 上下文创建失败', 'error')
           return
         }
         // 填充白色背景，避免透明背景导致文字/线条在某些查看器下不清晰
@@ -262,7 +260,7 @@ async function exportImage() {
         link.href = pngUrl
         link.download = `ai-执行链-${timestamp}.png`
         link.click()
-        MessagePlugin.success('图片导出成功')
+        toast('图片导出成功', 'success')
       } catch (e: any) {
         URL.revokeObjectURL(url)
         console.error('Canvas 导出失败，降级为 SVG:', e)
@@ -278,7 +276,7 @@ async function exportImage() {
   } catch (e: any) {
     if (url) URL.revokeObjectURL(url)
     console.error('导出图片失败:', e)
-    MessagePlugin.error(e.message || '导出失败')
+    toast(e.message || '导出失败', 'error')
   }
 }
 
@@ -327,16 +325,4 @@ onMounted(() => {
   display: block;
   margin: 0 auto;
 }
-.pipeline-loading {
-  text-align: center;
-  padding: 40px;
-  color: var(--color-text-tertiary);
-  font-size: 14px;
-}
-.pipeline-error {
-  text-align: center;
-  padding: 24px;
-  color: var(--color-error);
-  font-size: 14px;
-}
 </style>